August 13, 2022

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Aortic Aneurysms

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Abdominal aortic aneurysms are much more common than thoracic aortic aneurysms.
Age is an important risk factor, and the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm rises rapidly after the age of 55 years in men and 70 in women.
The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms is ≈5% among men ≥65 years of age screened by ultrasound.
Smoking is the risk factor most strongly associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms, followed by age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Sex and genetics also influence aneurysm formation.
Men are 10 times more likely than women to have an abdominal aortic aneurysm of 4 cm or greater.
Those with a family history of abdominal aortic aneurysm have an increased risk of 30% and their aneurysms tend to occur at a younger age and carry a greater risk of rupture than do sporadic aneurysms.

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms

Thoracic aneurysms may involve one or more aortic segments (aortic root, ascending aorta, arch, or descending aorta) and are classified accordingly.
Sixty percent of thoracic aortic aneurysms involve the aortic root and/or ascending aorta, 40% involve the descending aorta, 10% involve the arch, and 10% involve the thoracoabdominal aorta (with some involving >1 segment).
The etiology, natural history, and treatment of thoracic aneurysms differ for each of these segments.

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